{"id":477153,"date":"2025-04-29T20:46:46","date_gmt":"2025-04-29T19:46:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptoslate.com\/?p=477153"},"modified":"2025-04-30T00:40:44","modified_gmt":"2025-04-29T23:40:44","slug":"base-becomes-10th-l2-network-to-reach-at-least-stage-1-decentralization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cryptoslate.com\/base-becomes-10th-l2-network-to-reach-at-least-stage-1-decentralization\/","title":{"rendered":"Base becomes 10th L2 network to reach at least Stage 1 decentralization"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Base has reached \u201cStage 1 Decentralization\u201d by introducing fault proofs and a decentralized Security Council to its network structure, the layer 2 blockchain<\/span> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/base.mirror.xyz\/tWDMlGp48fF0MeADcLQruUBq1Qxkou4O5x3ax8Rm3jA\">announced<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in a blog post on April 29.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fault proofs allow any participant to propose or challenge claims about Base\u2019s state, with open-source challenger software and financial incentives supporting permissionless dispute resolution.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Separately, a newly established Security Council must approve contract upgrades, requiring a 75% consensus threshold among Base, <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptoslate.com\/coins\/optimism\/\">Optimism<\/a>, and 10 independent entities from multiple jurisdictions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Stage 1<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stage 1 Decentralization, as described by Ethereum (<a href=\"https:\/\/cryptoslate.com\/coins\/ethereum\/\">ETH<\/a>) co-founder <a href=\"https:\/\/cryptoslate.com\/people\/vitalik-buterin\/\">Vitalik Buterin\u2019s<\/a> framework for rollup decentralization, represents an intermediate phase where permissionless fault proofs are live and critical network upgrades require approval from a decentralized set of stakeholders.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to L2Beat, Base is now the 10th blockchain to achieve at least Stage 1 in decentralization out of the<\/span> <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/l2beat.com\/scaling\/summary\">62 rollups tracked by the platform<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The post noted that this stage moves Base beyond a centralized operator model, reducing reliance on single entities to verify the network\u2019s state or govern smart contract upgrades.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Base stated that reaching Stage 1 enhances infrastructure certainty for developers, creates a more resilient network without a single point of failure, and opens network security participation to a broader group of actors.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Fault proofs and Security Council<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Base\u2019s first fault proofs were deployed on its mainnet in October 2024. In collaboration with Optimism, Base adopted the OP Stack Fault Proof System, allowing users to withdraw funds from Base permissionlessly to the Ethereum mainnet without relying on centralized operators.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The open challenge mechanism introduced during this process ensures that the decentralized validation process can correct faulty or fraudulent claims about the network state.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The second milestone was decentralizing upgrade authority through the formation of the Security Council. It <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">includes independent organizations tasked with governing smart contract changes. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The council structure ensures that no single entity can unilaterally execute upgrades, distributing operational authority across diverse participants and adding a layer of security to network governance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Complete decentralization<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Base outlined that its following objectives include deploying multiple proof systems to strengthen security and further decentralize validation processes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among the options under exploration are zero-knowledge-based fault-proof systems, which complement existing optimistic proofs and broaden the network's verification mechanisms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Advancing toward Stage 2 of decentralization remains a stated goal. At Stage 2, no group of actors would be able to post a state root other than the outcome produced by the system\u2019s code, except in cases involving pre-defined bug protocols.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Base aims to continue reducing central points of control, including empowering the Security Council with the tools necessary to independently detect and adjudicate system faults.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Base has reached \u201cStage 1 Decentralization\u201d by introducing fault proofs and a decentralized Security Council to its network structure, the layer 2 blockchain announced in a blog post on April 29. Fault proofs allow any participant to propose or challenge claims about Base\u2019s state, with open-source challenger software and financial incentives supporting permissionless dispute resolution.\u00a0 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1511,"featured_media":477192,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,77968,79325,77497],"tags":[],"post_folder":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v21.9 (Yoast SEO v21.9.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Base becomes 10th L2 network to reach at least Stage 1 decentralization<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The introduction of a Security Council and fault proofs granted the decentralization milestone to Base, according to a blog post.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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